Наблюдения върху употребата на плусквамперфекта в българския, украинския и полския език

The use of the pluperfect in Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Polish, representatives respectively of the southern, western and eastern groups of Slavic languages, is compared on the basis of material excerpted from works of fiction (original and translated). It is established that Ukrainian has an intermediate position as regards, on the one hand, languages such as Bulgarian where the pluperfect is a full member of the temporal system, and, on the other hand, as regards languages such as Polish where the pluperfect is an optional member of the temporal system.