Конструкции с факултативно предикативно определение в чешкия книжовен език в съпоставка с българския

The following problems were analysed: 1) constructions with non-detached optional predicatives represented by adjectival words and referring to the subject, treated from the point of view of their lexical realization and the transitivity/intransitivity of the verb-predicate; 2) the interchangeability between this predicative and a derivative adverb; 3) the relationship between the two constructions in the sphere of norm and usage. Considerable similarities have been found between Czech and Bulgarian as regards the lexical and grammatical realization of the constructions with predicatives; with a certain quantitative difference in the area of verbs and transitive verbs in particular. The similarities prevail over the differences also with respect to internal word structure and contextual semantic conditions for the substitution of predicatives by derivative adverbs. The main differences are in the speech realization of the two constructions: the predicative has higher frequency in Bulgarian while the relative adverb predominates in Czech. The use of the Czech predicative is further limited by the use of the present participle and other syntactic synonyms which are more widely used. The development of contemporary Czech (the language of prose) exhibits a tendency towards a restricted use of predicative constructions at the expense of synonymous adverbial constructions.